{"id":1480,"date":"2018-01-22T14:55:04","date_gmt":"2018-01-22T13:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/?page_id=1480"},"modified":"2024-09-26T15:11:13","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T13:11:13","slug":"lanalyse-de-cycle-de-vie-de-leolien","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/lanalyse-de-cycle-de-vie-de-leolien\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;analyse de cycle de vie de l\u2019\u00e9olien"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1480\" class=\"elementor elementor-1480 elementor-bc-flex-widget\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32dcace elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32dcace\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1fb78b5\" data-id=\"1fb78b5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a1c8ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7a1c8ab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c5df7f0\" data-id=\"c5df7f0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40bebb9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"40bebb9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"84\" height=\"93\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/technologies-enjeux.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-30\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e60657\" data-id=\"6e60657\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1471d04 elementor-drop-cap-yes elementor-drop-cap-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1471d04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;drop_cap&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1><span style=\"color: #2e5e8f; font-weight: 300;\">technologies &amp; enjeux \/ Eolien et environnement<\/span><\/h1><h2><span style=\"color: #2e5e8f; font-weight: 600; font-size: 30px;\">Analyse du cycle de vie<br \/><\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d5e4a66 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d5e4a66\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-11614fc colonne-gauche\" data-id=\"11614fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a999eab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a999eab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La production de biens et de services (par exemple production d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ou de gaz), permettant de satisfaire nos besoins de chaleur ou d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, consomme un certain nombre de ressources. L\u2019ensemble des processus d&rsquo;exploitation des ressources (extraction, transport, transformation, etc.) induisent directement ou indirectement des \u00e9missions de gaz, de liquides ou de particules dans l&rsquo;air, l&rsquo;eau et le sol qui g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des dommages ou impacts environnementaux.<\/p><p>Appliqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9olien, l\u2019Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV) a pour but de fournir des donn\u00e9es pr\u00e9cises sur les impacts environnementaux de la production \u00e9olienne avec les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s du parc fran\u00e7ais install\u00e9 sur terre et pr\u00e9vu en mer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f2b512 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6f2b512\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><b>Champ de l\u2019\u00e9tude ACV appliqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9olien <\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-858ac37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"858ac37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/acv-shema1.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"acv-shema1\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ4MywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5qb3VybmFsLWVvbGllbi5vcmdcL3RvdXQtc3VyLWwtZW9saWVuXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDE4XC8wMVwvYWN2LXNoZW1hMS5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"953\" height=\"447\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/acv-shema1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1483\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/acv-shema1.png 953w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/acv-shema1-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/acv-shema1-768x360.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 953px) 100vw, 953px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3f34eb onglet-bascule elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"f3f34eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2551\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2551\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 192 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 384.662V127.338c0-17.818 21.543-26.741 34.142-14.142l128.662 128.662c7.81 7.81 7.81 20.474 0 28.284L34.142 398.804C21.543 411.404 0 402.48 0 384.662z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M288.662 352H31.338c-17.818 0-26.741-21.543-14.142-34.142l128.662-128.662c7.81-7.81 20.474-7.81 28.284 0l128.662 128.662c12.6 12.599 3.676 34.142-14.142 34.142z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Les donn\u00e9es utilis\u00e9es pour l\u2019\u00e9tude ACV<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2551\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2551\"><p>La plus r\u00e9cente analyse de cycle de vie de l\u2019\u00e9olien pour la France a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par l\u2019Ademe en 2015. L\u2019\u00e9tude porte \u00e0 la fois sur l\u2019\u00e9olien terrestre et sur l\u2019\u00e9olien en mer.<\/p><p>Pour l\u2019\u00e9olien terrestre, les donn\u00e9es de l\u2019analyse ont \u00e9t\u00e9 celles du parc fran\u00e7ais en activit\u00e9 en 2013. Les donn\u00e9es utilis\u00e9es ont concern\u00e9 3 658 \u00e9oliennes pour une capacit\u00e9 totale de 7 111 MW (soit 87,2 % du parc en activit\u00e9 au cours de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2013). L\u2019unit\u00e9 fonctionnelle de l\u2019ACV de l\u2019\u00e9olien terrestre est 1 kWh issu de la capacit\u00e9 de production \u00e9olienne fran\u00e7aise terrestre en 2013, d\u00e9livr\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique, avec un facteur de charge moyen calcul\u00e9 sur les 5 derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es (2010-2014), pour une dur\u00e9e de vie de parc de 20 ans.<\/p><p>Pour l\u2019\u00e9olien en mer, les donn\u00e9es de l\u2019analyse ont \u00e9t\u00e9 celles issues des 6 sites laur\u00e9ats des deux appels d\u2019offres organis\u00e9s par la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/lexique\/#lettre-C\">CRE<\/a> pour le secteur en 2011 et 2013, soit 424 \u00e9oliennes repr\u00e9sentant 2 916 MW. L\u2019unit\u00e9 fonctionnelle de l\u2019ACV de l\u2019\u00e9olien en mer est 1 kWh issu de la capacit\u00e9 de production \u00e9olienne fran\u00e7aise maritime entre 2020 et 2023, d\u00e9livr\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique, avec un facteur de charge moyen fond\u00e9 sur les estimations futures, pour une dur\u00e9e de vie de parc de 20 ans.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bd1219 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9bd1219\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68ada48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68ada48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><strong>De faibles \u00e9missions de CO<sub>2<\/sub> <\/strong><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-96adcc0 elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"96adcc0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d15d56f mt0\" data-id=\"d15d56f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dece6e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dece6e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\">\u00c9olien terrestre<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p><p>Taux d&rsquo;\u00e9mission de 12,7 g CO<sub>2<\/sub> eq \/ kWh<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3276b66 mt0\" data-id=\"3276b66\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a05ef6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a05ef6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\">\u00c9olien en mer<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>Taux d&rsquo;\u00e9mission de 14,8 g CO<sub>2<\/sub> eq \/ kWh<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bbdc4e icone-loupe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9bbdc4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-taux-emission.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"acv-taux-emission\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjgyMSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5qb3VybmFsLWVvbGllbi5vcmdcL3RvdXQtc3VyLWwtZW9saWVuXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDE4XC8wMlwvYWN2LXRhdXgtZW1pc3Npb24ucG5nIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"928\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-taux-emission.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2821\" alt=\"Taux d&#039;emission GES\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-taux-emission.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-taux-emission-300x278.png 300w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-taux-emission-768x713.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4153596 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4153596\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ces r\u00e9sultats placent l\u2019\u00e9olien en France nettement en de\u00e7\u00e0 des chiffres moyens du mix fran\u00e7ais ou europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e443a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8e443a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50ff507 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50ff507\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><b>Un moyen efficient de production d\u2019\u00e9nergie<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d2fb840 elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d2fb840\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cdbc198 mt0\" data-id=\"cdbc198\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd7f66c mt0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fd7f66c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\">\u00c9olien terrestre<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p><p>Temps de retour \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique : 12 mois<br \/>Facteur de r\u00e9colte : 19<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-751ce14 mt0\" data-id=\"751ce14\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f214ee9 mt0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f214ee9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\">\u00c9olien en mer<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>Temps de retour \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique : 14 mois<br \/>Facteur de r\u00e9colte : 17<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42f6206 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42f6206\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le temps de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/lexique\/#lettre-R\">retour \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/a> permet de d\u00e9terminer en combien de temps l\u2019\u00e9olienne produit la quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie qu\u2019elle a consomm\u00e9e au cours de son cycle de vie<\/p><p>Le <a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/lexique\/#lettre-F\">facteur de r\u00e9colte<\/a> permet de conna\u00eetre le nombre de fois o\u00f9 la turbine a produit la quantit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie qu&rsquo;elle a consomm\u00e9e au cours de son cycle de vie<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51a6eb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"51a6eb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6bd64d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e6bd64d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><b>Un tr\u00e8s faible niveau d\u2019\u00e9mission de particules<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-327e28e elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"327e28e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b61f714 mt0\" data-id=\"b61f714\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fefd70f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fefd70f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\">\u00c9olien terrestre<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p><p>Taux d&rsquo;\u00e9mission de particules de 0,01 g PM2,5 eq.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1ae8d4 mt0\" data-id=\"a1ae8d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f3c681 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f3c681\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\">\u00c9olien en mer<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>Taux d&rsquo;\u00e9mission de particules de 0,015 g PM2,5 eq.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-195338a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"195338a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Des taux nettement plus faibles que celui du mix \u00e9lectrique fran\u00e7ais (0,023g PM2,5eq, ann\u00e9e 2021)<\/p><p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/lexique\/#lettre-P\">PM2,5 eq<\/a> est l\u2019unit\u00e9 de mesure des particules en suspension dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re, appel\u00e9es \u00e9galement \u00ab\u00a0particules fines\u00a0\u00bb, dont le diam\u00e8tre est inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 2,5 microm\u00e8tres.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-955c879 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"955c879\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0e06e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a0e06e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><b>Un respect des sols et peu consommateur d\u2019eau<\/b><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a9cd82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a9cd82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\"><strong>\u00c9olienne terrestre<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-626f5ec icone-loupe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"626f5ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"acv-schema-eolien-terreste\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjYzMSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5qb3VybmFsLWVvbGllbi5vcmdcL3RvdXQtc3VyLWwtZW9saWVuXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDE4XC8wMlwvYWN2LXNjaGVtYS1lb2xpZW4tdGVycmVzdGUucG5nIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"414\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2631\" alt=\"Source : Impacts environnementaux de l\u2019\u00e9olien fran\u00e7ais, Ademe\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste-768x318.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2298b70 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2298b70\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Compar\u00e9 au mix \u00e9lectrique fran\u00e7ais et europ\u00e9en, l\u2019\u00e9olien terrestre est remarquablement \u00e9conome en eau et tr\u00e8s peu impactant en termes d\u2019acidification des sols.<\/p><p>En termes d\u2019utilisation des sols, par manque de donn\u00e9es, l\u2019impact est major\u00e9 : les deux hypoth\u00e8ses utilis\u00e9es sont, d\u2019une part, que le sol ne retrouvera pas ses fonctions avant 40 ans, et d\u2019autre part que les chemins d\u2019acc\u00e8s sont trait\u00e9s comme des routes et repr\u00e9sentent ainsi 50% de l\u2019impact total.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2be8dc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2be8dc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"color: #2e5f8f;\"><strong>\u00c9olienne en mer<\/strong><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f17b0ea icone-loupe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f17b0ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"acv-schema-eolien-terreste\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MjYzMSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5qb3VybmFsLWVvbGllbi5vcmdcL3RvdXQtc3VyLWwtZW9saWVuXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDE4XC8wMlwvYWN2LXNjaGVtYS1lb2xpZW4tdGVycmVzdGUucG5nIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"414\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2631\" alt=\"Source : Impacts environnementaux de l\u2019\u00e9olien fran\u00e7ais, Ademe\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/acv-schema-eolien-terreste-768x318.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35f7a7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35f7a7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u2019indicateur d\u2019acidification de l\u2019\u00e9olien en mer n\u2019est pas aussi bon que celui de l\u2019\u00e9olien terrestre. Cela s&rsquo;explique par la combustion de carburant par les navires utilis\u00e9s pour la construction des sites et la maintenance des \u00e9oliennes. Les r\u00e9sultats restent n\u00e9anmoins plus faibles que ceux du mix \u00e9lectrique global fran\u00e7ais et europ\u00e9en.<\/p><p>A l\u2019instar de l\u2019\u00e9olien terrestre, la fili\u00e8re en mer reste tr\u00e8s \u00e9conome en eau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc2b8ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cc2b8ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-696ca94 onglet-basdepage onglet-basdepage-1 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"696ca94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1101\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1101\" aria-expanded=\"false\">AUTRES PAGES<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1101\" aria-expanded=\"false\">AUTRES PAGES<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1101\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1101\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><ul><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/les-eoliennes-et-la-biodiversite\/\">Les \u00e9oliennes et la biodiversit\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/impact-sonore-des-eoliennes\/\">L\u2019impact sonore des \u00e9oliennes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.com\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/les-eoliennes-et-les-riverains\/\">Les \u00e9oliennes et les riverains<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/le-recyclage-des-pales-eoliennes\/\">Le recyclage des pales<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d713bb1 onglet-basdepage onglet-basdepage-2 elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"d713bb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2251\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2251\" aria-expanded=\"false\">DOCUMENTATION<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2251\" aria-expanded=\"false\">DOCUMENTATION<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2251\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2251\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/energies-renouvelables.org\/barometre-electrique\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barom\u00e8tre des \u00e9nergies renouvelables \u00e9lectriques en France<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eurobserv-er.org\/22nd-annual-overview-barometer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Le barom\u00e8tre EurObserv\u2019ER <\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b5ea165 colonne-droite\" data-id=\"b5ea165\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3458a69 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3458a69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62d9373 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"62d9373\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/picto-lignes.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-278\" src=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/picto-lignes.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"36\" height=\"31\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 LEXIQUE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b903f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b903f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Analyse du Cycle de Vie (ACV)<\/strong>\u00a0: c\u2019est une m\u00e9thode fr\u00e9quemment utilis\u00e9e pour le calcul des impacts environnementaux d\u2019un produit ou d\u2019un service en relation \u00e0 une fonction particuli\u00e8re (appel\u00e9e l\u2019unit\u00e9 fonctionnelle). Cette approche couvre l\u2019ensemble de la cha\u00eene de valeur d\u2019un produit\u00a0: l\u2019extraction et le traitement des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, les processus de fabrication, le transport et la distribution, l\u2019utilisation et la r\u00e9utilisation du produit fini, et finalement, le recyclage et la gestion des d\u00e9chets en fin de vie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>technologies &amp; enjeux \/ Eolien et environnement Analyse du cycle de vie La production de biens et de services (par exemple production d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ou de gaz), permettant de satisfaire nos besoins de chaleur ou d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, consomme un certain nombre de ressources. L\u2019ensemble des processus d&rsquo;exploitation des ressources (extraction, transport, transformation, etc.) induisent directement ou indirectement [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1480","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;analyse de cycle de vie de l\u2019\u00e9olien - Journal de l&#039;\u00e9olien - Tout sur l&#039;\u00e9olien<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.journal-eolien.org\/tout-sur-l-eolien\/lanalyse-de-cycle-de-vie-de-leolien\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L&#039;analyse de cycle de vie de l\u2019\u00e9olien - Journal de l&#039;\u00e9olien - Tout sur l&#039;\u00e9olien\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"technologies &amp; enjeux \/ Eolien et environnement Analyse du cycle de vie La production de biens et de services (par exemple production d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ou de gaz), permettant de satisfaire nos besoins de chaleur ou d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9, consomme un certain nombre de ressources. 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